Translation and Meaning of: 来 - rai

The Japanese word 「来」 (rai) has a rich and interesting etymology. The kanji 「来」 is composed of two main radicals: 「米」 (kome), which means "rice," and a top part that suggests a trace of its original form, which symbolized a tree. This combination conveys the idea of something that comes or arrives, possibly alluding to the arrival of rice or a harvest. Since ancient times, rice and its cultivation have been fundamental in Japanese culture, even influencing the etymology of some words.

In the Japanese language, the word 「来」 is widely used both as a verb and as part of other words. As a verb, 「来る」 (kuru) means "to come" or "to arrive." When conjugated, the form "くる" (kuru) is quite common. Additionally, it is common to see 「来」 in combinations of kanji, forming words with meanings related to arrival or future. For example, 「来年」 (rainen) means "next year" and 「将来」 (shourai) refers to "future." These variants highlight the flexibility and relevance of this expression in everyday Japanese.

Historically, the use of 「来」 dates back to various Asian dynasties, where the art of calligraphy and fluency in writing were of high importance. Ancient documents indicate that the idea of "coming" or "arriving" was closely linked to traditions of hospitality and cultural exchanges. In many cultures both within and outside of Japan, the idea of someone or something arriving is symbolically connected to the concept of renewal and hope, which is reflected in the linguistic expressions we discuss here.

Vocabulary

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Synonyms and similar words

• 来る (kuru) - Vir
• 臨む (nozomu) - Face, confront (a situation)
• 訪れる (otozureru) - Visit (place, person)
• 出現する (shutsugen suru) - To appear, to emerge (something new)
• 現れる (arawareru) - Manifest, appear
• 到来する (tōrai suru) - Approach, arrive (time, event)
• 降臨する (kōrin suru) - Descend, appear (deities, special events)
• 顕れる (araware) - To express oneself, to become visible (in general)
• 見える (mieru) - Be visible, to be able to see
• 起こる (okoru) - Happen, occur (events)
• 生じる (shōjiru) - Origin, emerge (a situation)
• 起きる (okiru) - Raise, wake up, occur (events)
• 発生する (hatsusei suru) - Generate, occur (phenomena, incidents)
• 起源する (kigen suru) - To have origin, origin of something
• 起因する (kiin suru) - Cause, be caused by
• 始まる (hajimaru) - Start (something that begins naturally)
• 始める (hajimeru) - Start (something actively)
• 開始する (kaishi suru) - Start, begin quickly
• 着く (tsuku) - Arrive (physically at the location)
• 到着する (tōchaku suru) - Arrive at a destination, disembark
• 辿り着く (tadoritsuku) - Arrive at (after a long journey)
• 到達する (tōtatsu suru) - Achieve, reach (a goal)
• 届ける (todokeru) - Deliver, get something to someone
• 伝わる (tsutawaru) - To be transmitted, to pass it on
• 送る (okuru) - Send, dispatch something
• 進む (susumu) - Advance, proceed (path)
• 進行する (shinkō suru) - To progress, to advance in something
• 進める (susumeru) - Recommend, move forward
• 進化する (shinka suru) - Evolve, advance (in development)
• 進歩する (shinpo suru) - Progress, make progress (general)
• 進展する (shintent suru) - Develop, evolve (in some aspect)
• 進出する (shinchaku suru) - Expand, advance (to new territories)
• 進路する (shinro suru) - Follow a path, direct oneself
• 進路を取る (shinro o toru) - Take a path, choose a direction

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来

Romaji: rai
Kana: らい
Type: noun
L: jlpt-n3

Translation / Meaning: Since (last month); for (10 days); next (year)

Meaning in English: since (last month);for (10 days);next (year)

Definition: It will arrive at a certain moment in the future, at a moment when it exists.

Example Sentences - (来) rai

See below some example sentences:

来年は良い年になります。

Rainen wa yoi toshi ni narimasu

Next year will be a good year.

• 来年 - Next year
• は - Topic particle
• 良い - good
• 年 - ano
• に - target particle
• なります - tornar-se

漸く春が来た。

Yōyaku haru ga kita

Finalmente a primavera chegou.

A primavera finalmente chegou.

• 漸く - advérbio que significa "finalmente" ou "gradualmente".
• 春 - substantivo que significa "primavera".
• が - Particle that indicates the subject of the sentence.
• 来た - verbo no passado que significa "chegou".

私は彼女の未来について危ぶんでいる。

Watashi wa kanojo no mirai ni tsuite ayamubun de iru

I'm worried about her future.

I'm in danger of your future.

• 私 (watashi) - Japanese personal pronoun that means "I"
• は (wa) - topic particle that indicates the subject of the sentence
• 彼女 (kanojo) - Japanese noun that means "girlfriend" or "she"
• の (no) - possessive particle that indicates that "未来" (mirai) belongs to "彼女" (kanojo)
• 未来 (mirai) - Japanese noun that means "future"
• について (ni tsuite) - expression that indicates the theme or subject of the sentence, in this case, "未来" (mirai)
• 危ぶんでいる (ayamanden iru) - Japanese verb that means "to be worried" or "to be anxious"

私は来年入学する予定です。

Watashi wa rainen nyūgaku suru yotei desu

I have plans to enter school next year.

I intend to sign up next year.

• 私 (watashi) - personal pronoun that means "I"
• は (wa) - particle that marks the topic of the sentence
• 来年 (rainen) - noun that means "next year"
• 入学する (nyūgaku suru) - composite verb that means "to enter the school"
• 予定 (yotei) - Noun that means "plan" or "schedule"
• です (desu) - auxiliary verb that indicates the present tense and formality

私は不幸な出来事に遭いました。

Watashi wa fukou na dekigoto ni auimashita

Eu encontrei uma situação infeliz.

Eu tenho um evento infeliz.

• 私 (watashi) - signifies "I" in Japanese
• は (wa) - partícula de tópico em japonês, indica o tema da frase
• 不幸な (fukou na) - adjetivo que significa "infeliz" ou "desafortunado"
• 出来事 (dekigoto) - substantivo que significa "evento" ou "ocorrência"
• に (ni) - partícula que indica ação ou destino
• 遭いました (awai mashita) - verbo que significa "encontrar" ou "passar por", conjugado no passado educado

私は来月入社します。

Watashi wa raigetsu nyūsha shimasu

I will join the company next month.

I will join the company next month.

• 私 (watashi) - signifies "I" in Japanese
• は (wa) - Japanese topic particle
• 来月 (raigetsu) - means "next month" in Japanese
• 入社 (nyūsha) - "Joining the company" in Japanese
• します (shimasu) - Politeness form of the verb "to do" in Japanese

私は毎日の出来事を日記に記す。

Watashi wa mainichi no dekigoto wo nikki ni shirusu

I record daily events in a diary.

I write my daily events in my diary.

• 私 - Japanese personal pronoun that means "I"
• は - topic particle that indicates that the subject of the sentence is "I"
• 毎日 - noun that means "every day"
• の - possessive particle that indicates that "every day" belongs to "exit"
• 出来事 - substantivo que significa "evento" ou "ocorrência"
• を - object particle that indicates that "event" is the direct object of the action "to write"
• 日記 - noun meaning "diary"
• に - particle indicating that "diary" is the destination of the action "to write"
• 記す - verb that means "to write" or "to record"

私の子息は将来有望な若者です。

Watashi no musuko wa shourai yuubou na wakamono desu

My son is a promising young man for the future.

My son is a young man with promise for the future.

• 私 - personal pronoun that means "I"
• の - particle that indicates possession, equivalent to "of"
• 子息 - noun that means "son"
• は - partícula que indica o tema da frase, equivalente a "é"
• 将来 - noun meaning "future"
• 有望 - adjective that means "promising"
• な - particle that connects the adjective to the noun, equivalent to "of"
• 若者 - noun that means "young"
• です - verb that indicates the polite form of the present, equivalent to "is"

私は来月転任します。

Watashi wa raigetsu tennin shimasu

I will be transferred to another location next month.

I will transfer next month.

• 私 - personal pronoun that means "I"
• は - topic particle that indicates the subject of the sentence, in this case "I"
• 来月 - noun that means "next month"
• 転任 - noun that means "transfer of work"
• します - verb that means "to do" or "to carry out," conjugated in the present to indicate a future action

私は来週のコンサートに出演します。

Watashi wa raishuu no konsaato ni shutsuen shimasu

I will perform at the concert next week.

I will appear at next week's show.

• 私 - personal pronoun that means "I"
• は - topic particle that indicates the subject of the sentence
• 来週 - noun meaning "next week"
• の - possession particle indicating that "next week" belongs to the sentence
• コンサート - noun meaning "concert"
• に - destination particle that indicates that the subject is heading to the "concert"
• 出演 - verb meaning "to introduce oneself" or "to participate in an event"
• します - auxiliary verb that indicates future action, equivalent to "I'm going to introduce myself" or "I'm going to participate"