Translation and Meaning of: し - shi

The Japanese word し (shi) is a short term, but full of nuances and interesting uses in the Japanese language. If you are learning Japanese or are just curious about the language, understanding the meaning and context of this word can be very helpful. In this article, we will explore from the basics, like its translation and writing, to deeper aspects, such as its cultural usage and frequency in daily life. Suki Nihongo, the best online Japanese dictionary, is a great tool to complement your learning.

In addition to being a grammatical particle and a common suffix, し also appears in expressions and even in Japanese proverbs. Its simplicity hides a wealth of meanings that vary according to the context. Let's unravel all of this clearly and directly, without unnecessary complications.

Meaning and uses of the word し

In its most basic form, し can be translated as "and" or "besides" when used as a particle. It connects sentences or ideas, adding a tone of enumeration or justification. For example, in a sentence like "寒いし、疲れたし、家に帰りたい" (Samui shi, tsukareta shi, ie ni kaeritai), the translation would be "It's cold, I'm tired and I want to go home." Here, し helps to list reasons naturally.

Another common use of し is as a suffix in words like 願いし (negaishi) or 思し (omoishi), although these cases are rarer in modern Japanese. It is worth noting that, unlike other particles, し carries a nuance of emphasis, often indicating that there are more reasons beyond those mentioned. This subtlety may go unnoticed by beginners, but it is essential for a more advanced mastery of the language.

The origin and writing of し

The word し is written in hiragana, one of the Japanese syllabaries, but it also corresponds to the kanji 死, which means "death." However, it is important to highlight that the use of the kanji 死 to represent し is restricted to specific contexts, such as compound words or expressions. Most of the time, especially when functioning as a particle, し appears in hiragana to avoid ambiguities.

Regarding its origin, し comes from Old Japanese and has roots in Classical language. Its evolution has accompanied the grammatical simplification of the language over the centuries. Although it is not one of the oldest particles, its use became established during the Edo period, when the Japanese language underwent various structural changes. Today, it is a common word both in everyday speech and in informal writing.

Curiosities and tips for memorizing し

An interesting fact about し is that, although it seems simple, many Japanese learners take time to realize its function of connecting ideas with emphasis. A helpful tip for memorizing its use is to associate it with situations where you want to list reasons or justify something. For example, when explaining why you didn't leave the house, saying "雨だし、忙しいし" (Ame da shi, isogashii shi) sounds more natural than simply listing the facts without the particle.

Moreover, し often appears in dialogues of animes and dramas, which can aid in learning. Paying attention to how characters use this particle in emotional or explanatory contexts is a practical way to absorb its meaning. Suki Nihongo provides real examples of sentences with し, making it easier to understand its application in daily life.

Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with related words:

Synonyms and similar words

• 四 (shi) - four
• 詩 (shi) - poetry
• 志 (shi) - Determination; aspiration
• 士 (shi) - Samurai; warrior
• 仕 (shi) - Service; work
• 死 (shi) - Death
• 私 (shi) - Private; I (pronoun)
• 始 (shi) - Start; begin
• 子 (shi) - Son; child
• 指 (shi) - Pointing; finger
• 持 (ji) - Possess; hold
• 試 (shi) - Test; to experiment
• 旨 (shi) - Purpose; intention
• 誌 (shi) - Record; annals
• 織 (shiki) - Weave; fabric
• 視 (shi) - Vision; gaze
• 紫 (shi) - Purple
• 湿 (shitsu) - damp
• 摯 (shi) - Sincere feeling; deep
• 雌 (shi) - Female; woman
• 詩人 (shijin) - poet
• 資格 (shikaku) - Qualification; condition
• 指導 (shidou) - Guidance; leadership

し

Romaji: shi
Kana: し
Type: Letter
L: jlpt-n3

Translation / Meaning: 10^24 (Kanji is Jis X 0212 Kuten 4906); Settillion (American); Quadrillion (British)

Meaning in English: 10^24 (kanji is JIS X 0212 kuten 4906);septillion (American);quadrillion (British)

Definition: shi [automatic] 1. Appear alone, without worrying about anything else. say. "Please be considerate." 2 Pretending to know. “Even though I'm good at this, I'm not as good as him.” 3 Bring it out. "I complained about the title." 【other】 1 Ask. Visit. "There is nothing you don't understand. I'm thinking of trying..." 2 Ask. Ask questions and ask questions. "This is a subject where you should use your wisdom in the best way possible." 3. Ask the other person by phone or letter. "How are you? Let's meet."

Example Sentences - (し) shi

See below some example sentences:

旧友と再会した。

Kyūyū to saikai shita

I found an old friend.

I met my old friend again.

• 旧友 - old friend
• と - particle that indicates companionship or connection
• 再会 - reunion
• した - past form of the verb "suru" (to do)

日陰にいると涼しいです。

Hikage ni iru to suzushii desu

It is refreshing to be in the shadow.

It's cool in the shadow.

• 日陰 - It means "shadow" in Japanese.
• に - it is a particle that indicates location.
• いる - it is the verb "to be" in the present continuous.
• と - it's a particle that indicates the condition or circumstance.
• 涼しい - means "fresh" or "refreshing" in Japanese.
• です - it is the verb "to be" in the present.

明きな未来を信じている。

Akaki na mirai wo shinjite iru

I believe in a bright future.

I believe in the clear future.

• 明き - "Adjective that means 'bright' or 'clear'"
• な - particle that indicates the absence of something or the negation of an action
• 未来 - noun meaning "future"
• を - particle that indicates the direct object of a sentence
• 信じている - verb meaning "to believe" conjugated in the present continuous tense

昆虫は自然の中でとても重要な役割を果たしています。

Kunchū wa shizen no naka de totemo jūyōna yakuwari o hatashite imasu

Insects play a very important role in nature.

• 昆虫 (konchuu) - Insects
• は (wa) - Topic particle
• 自然 (shizen) - nature
• の (no) - Possession particle
• 中で (chuu de) - Inside of
• とても (totemo) - very
• 重要な (juuyou na) - important
• 役割を果たしています (yakuwari wo hatashite imasu) - play a role

映写機を使って映画を見ました。

Eishaki ki wo tsukatte eiga wo mimashita

I watched a movie using a projector.

I watched a movie using a projector.

• 映写機 - projector
• を - direct object particle
• 使って - using
• 映画 - movie
• を - direct object particle
• 見ました - watched

明るい未来を信じよう。

Akarui mirai o shinjiyou

Believe in a bright future.

• 明るい - bright, illuminated
• 未来 - future
• を - direct object particle
• 信じよう - believe, have faith

是正な行動を取りましょう。

Seisei na koudou wo torimashou

Let's take correct actions.

Let's take the right action.

• 是正 (shisei) - It means "correction" or "rectification"
• な (na) - Particle indicating adjective
• 行動 (koudou) - It means "action" or "behavior"
• を (wo) - particle that indicates direct object
• 取りましょう (torimashou) - Polite form of the verb "toru", which means "to take" or "to perform"

是非とも参加したいです。

Shihitsu tomo sanka shitai desu

I definitely want to participate.

• 是非とも - expression that means "in any way," "at all costs"
• 参加 - noun that means "participation"
• したい - the form of the verb "suru" (to do) in the present tense and in the desire to do something means "to want to do"
• です - sentence-final particle that indicates respect and politeness

晩年を豊かに過ごしたいです。

Ban'nenn wo yutaka ni sugoshitai desu

I want to spend my years old rich and satisfactorily.

I want to spend my last rich years.

• 晩年 (ban nen) - It means "final years" or "last years" in Japanese.
• を (wo) - Direct Object Particle in Japanese
• 豊か (yutaka) - means "rich" or "abundant" in Japanese
• に (ni) - destination particle in Japanese
• 過ごしたい (sugoshitai) - It means "to want to pass" or "to want to live" in Japanese.
• です (desu) - polite way of "being" in Japanese

暇な時に何をしますか？

Hima na toki ni nani wo shimasu ka?

What do you do when you are free?

• 暇な時 - It means "free time" in Japanese.
• に - It is a Japanese particle that indicates time or place.
• 何 - means "what" in Japanese.
• を - is a Japanese particle that indicates the direct object of the sentence.
• します - It is the verb "fazer" in Japanese, conjugated in the present.
• か - It is a Japanese particle that indicates a question.