Translation and Meaning of: 危険 - kiken

The Japanese word 危険[きけん] is an essential term for anyone learning the language or interested in Japanese culture. Its main meaning is "danger," but it carries nuances and uses that go beyond the literal translation. In this article, we will explore what this word represents, how it is written, its origin, and how Japanese people use it in their daily lives. If you want to understand 危険 better and how to memorize it effectively, keep reading!

Meaning and writing of 危険

The word 危険 is composed of two kanji: 危 (ki), which means "dangerous" or "risky", and 険 (ken), which can be translated as "precipice" or "difficult". Together, they form a term that indicates situations or objects that present a risk. It is common to see it on warning signs, safety manuals, and even in animes and mangas.

In everyday life, Japanese people use 危険 to refer to anything that can cause harm, from a physically dangerous place to risky behaviors. For example, if someone says "ここは危険です" (koko wa kiken desu), it means "this place is dangerous." The word also appears in combinations like 危険物 (kikenbutsu), which refers to hazardous materials.

Origin and Etymology

The origin of 危険 dates back to classical Chinese, where the kanjis were already used with similar meanings. The character 危, for example, was associated with unstable or threatening situations, while 険 was related to rugged terrain. When these ideograms arrived in Japan, they maintained this connection with danger and difficulty.

It's worth noting that although the pronunciation きけん (kiken) is the most common, the kanji 危 can also be read as "aya" in some contexts, such as in the verb 危ぶむ (ayabumu), which means "to fear" or "to distrust". However, this reading is less frequent in modern Japanese.

How to memorize and use 危険 (kiken)

An effective way to memorize 危険 is to associate it with real situations. For example, think of "danger" signs that you see in Japan, like those that warn about fire or electricity. Another tip is to create flashcards with sentences like "その道は危険です" (sono michi wa kiken desu – "that road is dangerous").

Additionally, it's worth paying attention to how the word appears in the media. In animes like "Attack on Titan" or "Demon Slayer", 危険 is often used in action or suspense scenes. This type of natural exposure helps to embed the term in memory effortlessly.

Cultural curiosities and usage

In Japan, the word 危険 is not limited to physical warnings. It can also be used metaphorically, as in "危険な関係" (kiken na kankei – "dangerous relationship"), indicating an emotionally risky situation. This type of expression shows how the Japanese language can convey complex nuances with just a few characters.

Another interesting aspect is that, unlike some Western languages, the Japanese tend to avoid excessive use of 危険 in informal contexts. Instead, they prefer softer terms like あぶない (abunai) or やばい (yabai) among friends. This distinction reflects the importance of context in Japanese communication.

Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with related words:

Synonyms and similar words

危険性 (Kikensei) - General danger, assessing how dangerous something is.
リスク (Risuku) - Risk, the possibility of loss or damage.
危うさ (Ayousa) - Insecurity, the state of being in danger or at risk.
危うく (Ayauku) - Dangerously, almost on the brink of being in danger.
危ぶまれる (Abubumareru) - To be considered dangerous or risky.
危ぶむ (Abubumu) - To have concerns or fears about something being dangerous.
危険度 (Kikendo) - Level of danger.
危険物 (Kikenbutsu) - Dangerous substance, material that can cause harm.
危険地帯 (Kikenchitai) - Danger zone, area where there is significant risk.
危険個所 (Kikenkasho) - Dangerous points, specific locations that pose a risk.
危険行為 (Kikenkoui) - Dangerous action, behavior that can cause harm.
危険物質 (Kikenbusshitsu) - Chemical substance or hazardous material.
危険予知 (Kikenyochi) - Anticipating dangers, risk anticipation.
危険回避 (Kikenkaihi) - Avoiding dangers, strategies to mitigate risks.
危険感知 (Kikencanchi) - Perception of dangers, ability to detect risks.
危険注意報 (Kikenchuuihou) - Warning of danger, alert about imminent risks.
危険情報 (Kikenjouhou) - Information about dangers, data regarding risks.
危険標識 (Kikenhyoushiki) - Danger signaling, signs indicating hazards.
危険地図 (Kikenchizu) - Hazard map, graphic representation of risk areas.
危険地形 (Kikenteikei) - Dangerous geographical formations, areas that pose risks due to the terrain.
危険性評価 (Kikensei hyouka) - Danger assessment, risk level analysis.
危険性分析 (Kikensei bunseki) - Risk analysis, detailed examination of the associated risks.
危険性予測 (Kikensei yosoku) - Forecast of dangerousness, estimation of future risks.
危険性管理 (Kikensei kanri) - Hazard management, strategies to control risks.
危険性認識 (Kikensei ninshiki) - Recognition of danger, awareness of existing risks.
危険性対策 (Kikensei taisaku) - Measures against danger, actions to mitigate risks.

Related words

危ない

abunai

Dangerous; critical; serious; incerto; unreliable; limping; narrow; close; careful!

崩壊

houkai

collapse; decay (physics); crumbling; breaking; slave in

物騒

bussou

dangerous; disturbed; insecure

極めて

kiwamete

overly; extremely

危害

kigai

lesion; damage; danger

危機

kiki

crisis

危険

Romaji: kiken
Kana: きけん
Type: noun
L: jlpt-n4

Translation / Meaning: danger; risk; potential danger

Meaning in English: danger;peril;hazard

Definition: Danger refers to a state or situation that has the potential to cause harm or risk to people or things.

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How to Write in Japanese - (危険) kiken

See below a step-by-step guide on how to write the word by hand in Japanese. (危険) kiken:

Example Sentences - (危険) kiken

See below some example sentences:

鉄砲を持っている人は危険です。

Tepou wo motte iru hito wa kiken desu

The person who has a firearm is dangerous.

Those who have weapons are dangerous.

鉄砲 - Firearm
を - direct object particle
持っている - verb "to have" conjugated in the present continuous
人 - person
は - Topic particle
危険 - dangerous
です - verb "to be" conjugated in the formal present

限度を超えると危険です。

Gendo wo koeru to kiken desu

It is dangerous to exceed the limit.

It is dangerous if you exceed the limit.

限度 - limit
を - object particle
超える - surpass
と - Comparison particle
危険 - danger
です - Verb "to be" in polite form

賭けは危険な遊びです。

Kake wa kiken na asobi desu

The game is a dangerous game.

The bet is a dangerous piece.

賭け - "bet" em japonês significa 賭け (かけ, kake).
は - Japanese topic particle
危険 - 「危険」
な - Japanese adjective particle
遊び - It means "game" or "play" in Japanese.
です - The verb "to be" in Japanese, used to indicate an assertion.

裸足で走るのは危険です。

Hadashi de hashiru no wa kiken desu

Running barefoot is dangerous.

It is dangerous to run barefoot.

裸足で走る - run barefoot
のは - particle that indicates the subject of the sentence
危険 - dangerous
です - Verb to be/estar in the present

爆破は危険な作業です。

Bakuha wa kiken na sagyou desu

Demolition is dangerous work.

Bombing is a dangerous task.

爆破 - explosion
は - Topic particle
危険 - danger
な - adjective in attribute form
作業 - work, operation
です - verb to be in the polite form

居眠りすると危険です。

Imanari suru to kiken desu

Sleeping while sitting can be dangerous.

It is dangerous to fall asleep.

居眠りする - means "sleeping while sitting" or "taking a nap".
と - It is a particle that indicates a condition or a consequence.
危険 - means "danger" or "risk".
です - is a polite way of saying "is" or "is".

宙返りは危険な技です。

Chūgaeri wa kiken na waza desu

A backflip is a dangerous technique.

The return is a dangerous technique.

宙返り - "サルト" significa "salto mortal" ou "volta ao ar" em japonês.
は - It is a grammatical particle that indicates the topic of the sentence.
危険 - "危険" (kiken) significa "perigoso" em japonês.
な - It is a grammatical particle that indicates the adjectivation of the word that comes before.
技 - means "technique" or "skill" in Japanese.
です - It is a polite way to say "is" in Japanese.