Translation and Meaning of: 除外 - jyogai

The Japanese word 除外 (じょがい, jogai) is a term that frequently appears in formal and technical contexts, but it can also be useful in everyday life. If you are studying Japanese or are curious about the meaning and use of this expression, this article will explore its translation, as well as cultural curiosities. Let's understand how it is used, its origin, and even tips for memorizing it effectively.

Meaning and translation of 除外

In Portuguese, 除外 (jogai) can be translated as "exclusion," "elimination," or "exempt from." The term is used to indicate that something or someone has been deliberately left out of a group, list, or process. For example, in event rules, one might say "未成年者は除外されます" (minors are excluded).

It's worth noting that 除外 carries a more formal and objective tone, being common in documents, contracts, and administrative situations. Unlike words like 抜く (nuku), which have a more physical sense of "removing," 除外 implies a logical or systematic decision.

Origin and composition of kanjis

The word 除外 is formed by two kanjis: 除 (jo), which means "exclude" or "remove", and 外 (gai), which represents "outside" or "exterior". Together, they reinforce the idea of something being placed outside of a set. This combination is common in technical and bureaucratic terms, such as 除外条項 (jogai jōkō, "exclusion clause").

Interestingly, the kanji 除 also appears in words like 掃除 (sōji, "cleaning"), showing a connection to the idea of removal. Meanwhile, 外 is a versatile character, found in terms like 外国 (gaikoku, "foreign country"). This pair of kanjis helps to understand why 除外 has such a precise meaning.

Cultural usage and frequency in Japan

In Japan, 除外 is a common word in professional and legal environments, but rarely used in informal conversations. Companies and government agencies use it to specify conditions or restrictions, such as in "この条件は除外可能です" (this condition can be excluded).

Culturally, the term reflects the Japanese valuing of clarity and organization, especially in contexts where rules need to be explicit. Although it is not an expression loaded with symbolism, its precision makes it indispensable in contracts and manuals, where ambiguities are not welcome.

Vocabulary

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Synonyms and similar words

除外 (jogai) - Exclusion, the act of excluding something or someone from a group or consideration.
排除 (haijo) - Elimination, the act of removing or discarding something, usually from a list or set.
削除 (sakujo) - Removal, the act of deleting or eliminating, often used in digital contexts.
除去 (jokyo) - Removal, the act of taking something from a place, can involve physical elimination.
除外する (jogai suru) - Act of formally excluding, to be used in contexts of decision or regulation.