Translation and Meaning of: 過ぎる - sugiru

The Japanese word 過ぎる (すぎる, sugiru) is a versatile term frequently used in everyday life in Japan. Its main meaning is related to the idea of "passing" or "exceeding," but its applications go far beyond that. In this article, we will explore the meaning, origin, and cultural uses of this word, as well as practical tips for those learning Japanese. If you have ever wondered how to use 過ぎる correctly in sentences or what its impact is on communication, keep reading!

Meaning and usage of 過ぎる

過ぎる is a verb that carries the idea of exceeding a limit, whether in time, space, or quantity. When used alone, it can mean "to pass" in a physical sense, as in "the train has already passed" (電車が過ぎた). However, its most common use is as a suffix, modifying adjectives and verbs to express excess. For example, 暑すぎる (atsusugiru) means "too hot."

This flexibility allows 過ぎる to appear in various contexts, from informal conversations to more formal situations. It is worth noting that, although it is a simple term, its excessive use can sound repetitive. Therefore, it is important to vary the Japanese vocabulary, especially in professional situations.

Origin and structure of kanji

The kanji 過 (KA) in 過ぎる is composed of the radical 辶 (which indicates movement) and the component 咼 (which suggests curvature or deviation). This combination reinforces the idea of "passing through" or "going beyond." The suffix ぎる (giru) comes from the conjugated form of the verb ぎる (giru), which also carries nuances of excess or completion.

It is interesting to note that 過ぎる is not an old or rare word – on the contrary, it is widely used in modern Japanese. Its popularity is due to the ease of forming expressions, such as 飲み過ぎる (nomisugiru, "to drink too much") or 言い過ぎる (iisugiru, "to talk too much").

Tips to memorize and use 過ぎる

An effective way to memorize 過ぎる is to associate it with everyday situations. For example, if you ate too much, you can say 食べ過ぎた (tabesugita, "I ate too much"). This type of practical application helps to cement the term in memory. Another tip is to pay attention to dialogues in animes or dramas, where 過ぎる appears frequently.

It is worth noting that, in some contexts, excess can be seen as a lack of moderation in Japanese culture. Therefore, using 過ぎる with care is important, especially in formal situations. If you want to express the same idea in a more polite way, alternatives like あまり (amari, "too much") can be helpful.

Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with related words:

Verb conjugation of 過ぎる

• 過ぎる - base form
• 過ぎる - negative form
• 過ぎなかった - affirmative past
• 過ぎている - present continuous
• 過ぎましょう - imperative

Synonyms and similar words

• 過去する (kakosuru) - Do in the past
• 過去す (kakosu) - Pass in the past
• 過ぎ去る (sugisaru) - Pass and leave
• 通り過ぎる (toorisugiru) - Pass through
• 通り越す (toorikosu) - Pass by
• 超える (koeru) - to surpass
• 超過する (choukashiru) - Surpass a limit
• 超越する (chouetsusuru) - Overcome, transcend

過ぎる

Romaji: sugiru
Kana: すぎる
Type: verb
L: jlpt-n4

Translation / Meaning: to spend; go beyond; elapse; to exceed

Meaning in English: to pass;to go beyond;to elapse;to exceed

Definition: Exceed. To pass.

Example Sentences - (過ぎる) sugiru

See below some example sentences:

年月が過ぎるのは早いものだ。

Toshidzuki ga sugiru no wa hayai mono da

The years passed quickly.

• 年月 - means "years and months" in Japanese
• が - particle that indicates the subject of the sentence
• 過ぎる - verb that means "pass" or "overtake"
• の - particle that indicates a nominal phrase
• は - Particle indicating the topic of the sentence
• 早い - adjective that means "fast" or "early"
• もの - noun meaning "thing" or "object"
• だ - verb that indicates the affirmative present form of the sentence

時間が過ぎるのは早いですね。

Jikan ga sugiru no wa hayai desu ne

Time goes by fast

Time passes quickly.

• 時間 (jikan) - time
• が (ga) - subject particle
• 過ぎる (sugiru) - spend time)
• のは (no wa) - Topic particle
• 早い (hayai) - fast, early
• です (desu) - Verb to be
• ね (ne) - confirmation particle

私は毎日通り過ぎる公園が大好きです。

Watashi wa mainichi toorisugiru kouen ga daisuki desu

I love the park that I pass every day.

I love the park that passes every day.

• 私 (watashi) - personal pronoun that means "I"
• は (wa) - particle that indicates the topic of the sentence, in this case, "I"
• 毎日 (mainichi) - adverb meaning "every day"
• 通り過ぎる (toorisugiru) - verb meaning "to pass by"
• 公園 (kouen) - noun that means "park"
• が (ga) - particle that indicates the subject of the sentence, in this case, "park"
• 大好き (daisuki) - adjective meaning "very loved"
• です (desu) - auxiliary verb that indicates the polite form of the sentence