Translation and Meaning of: 負かす - makasu

The Japanese word 「負かす」 (makasu) is a verb that represents the idea of surpassing or defeating someone in a confrontation or competition. The etymology of this word is fascinating, as it derives from the kanji 「負」, which means "to lose" or "to bear a burden." This kanji is composed of the radicals 「貝」, which originally symbolizes "shell" or "wealth," and 「㦮」, associated with the concept of "losing." Together, these parts create a meaning that encompasses the idea of standing out or winning over something previously considered difficult or impossible.

As a transitive verb, 「負かす」 is often used in competitive contexts, such as sports or games, to describe the action of prevailing over an opponent. The word implies not only achieving victory but also doing so through effort and skill, demonstrating ability and competence. This nuance adds a layer of respect towards the defeated opponent, acknowledging the intrinsic difficulty in the battle.

The origin of the term can be traced back to the ancient uses of the kanji during the Heian era, when literature and poetry often employed metaphors of war and competition to describe social and political interactions. In contemporary Japanese culture, despite social and technological changes, the essence of the verb 「負かす」 endures, reflecting a deep respect for fair competition and overcoming challenges. Variations of this word appear in different verbal forms such as 「負ける」 (makeru), which also means to lose, creating an interesting contrast to the idea of "makasu."

Vocabulary

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Verb conjugation of 負かす

負かす - base form
負かしました - Past
負かすでしょう - Future
負かせる - Potential

Synonyms and similar words

打ち負かす (uchi makasu) - To win, to defeat.
勝利する (shōri suru) - Achieve a victory, triumph.
打ち破る (uchi yaburu) - Break, shatter, conquer (although similar to defeat, it implies a more aggressive nature).
勝つ (katsu) - Win, gain (general, more casual).
征服する (seifuku suru) - To conquer, to dominate (suggests a broader or total control).
凌駕する (ryōga suru) - Overcoming, going beyond (implies surpassing others, often in analysis or skill).
圧倒する (attō suru) - Surpass, dominate (refers to an overwhelming superiority).
超越する (chōetsu suru) - Go beyond, transcend (suggests a level beyond simply winning or overcoming).
上回る (uwamawaru) - To surpass, to be above (indicates a superior quantity or quality).
打ち倒す (uchi taosu) - Crash, knock down (implies defeating with force, bringing something down).