Translation and Meaning of: 親しい - shitashii

The Japanese word 親しい (したしい) is a common term in everyday vocabulary, but it carries nuances that may go unnoticed by beginner students. If you have ever wondered about its exact meaning, how to use it correctly, or even its origin, this article will clarify those questions. We will explore everything from the basic translation to cultural contexts in which this expression appears, helping you understand why it is so relevant in Japanese.

In addition to uncovering the meaning of 親しい, we will see how it differs from other similar words, when it is appropriate to use it, and even curiosities about its writing in kanji. If you are looking for a reliable Japanese dictionary to deepen your knowledge, Suki Nihongo offers detailed explanations and practical examples. Shall we begin?

Meaning and usage of 親しい

親しい (したしい) is an adjective that describes a close, intimate, or familial relationship between people. Translated as "close," "intimate," or "familiar," it goes beyond mere physical proximity, indicating an emotional or trust-based bond. For example, saying that someone is 親しい友人 (したしいゆうじん) means that they are a "close friend," not just a casual acquaintance.

The term is often used to describe personal relationships, such as deep friendships or family ties. Unlike 知り合い (しりあい), which refers to mere acquaintances, 親しい implies a greater degree of intimacy. It's worth noting that, although it can be used romantically, it is not as common as specific terms like 恋人 (こいびと, "boyfriend/girlfriend").

Origin and writing of kanji

The kanji 親 (しん) means "father," "mother," or "relative," while the suffix しい turns the word into an adjective. Together, they convey the idea of "like a relative," reinforcing the notion of emotional closeness. This composition is not random: in Japanese culture, familial bonds symbolize trust and familiarity, hence the choice of the character.

Interestingly, 親 also appears in words like 親子 (おやこ, "parent and child") and 親切 (しんせつ, "kindness"). If you want to memorize this kanji, notice the radical 見 (みる, "to see") at the bottom — a visual hint that close relationships depend on "seeing" the other attentively. This etymological connection is confirmed by sources such as Kanjipedia and 漢字源.

Cultural contexts and care in usage

In Japan, where social hierarchies are taken seriously, calling someone 親しい without the appropriate reciprocity can sound invasive. The term is more commonly used among people of the same circle or status, such as long-time colleagues. In formal settings, it's better to opt for alternatives like 仲が良い (なががいい, "to have a good relationship"), which sounds less personal.

In media such as dramas and animes, 親しい frequently appears to emphasize special relationships between characters. A classic example is the phrase 彼とは親しい (かれとはしたしい, "I am close to him"), used to explain bonds without going into details. But be careful: in professional contexts, avoid using it to describe relationships with superiors unless there is a lot of mutual trust.