Translation and Meaning of: 覆す - kutsugaesu

The Japanese word 覆す [くつがえす] carries a powerful and versatile meaning, often used in contexts that involve radical change or subversion of ideas. If you are studying Japanese or simply interested in the language, understanding its correct usage, origin, and cultural nuances can enrich your vocabulary. In this article, we will explore everything from the composition of the kanji to practical examples of how it appears in everyday life and Japanese media.

Meaning and usage of 覆す

The verb 覆す means "to turn upside down," "to overthrow," or "to subvert." It is used in both literal situations, such as turning a physical object, and in abstract contexts, such as nullifying a decision or drastically changing an opinion. For example, in politics, it can describe the overthrow of a government, while in everyday life it can refer to accidentally tipping over a cup.

An interesting characteristic is its application in debates and intellectual discussions. When someone 覆す an argument, they are essentially dismantling it convincingly. This flexibility makes the word valuable in both formal and informal contexts, although its tone is more common in written texts or elaborate speeches.

Origin and composition of kanjis

The kanji 覆 is composed of the radical "艹" (related to plants) and the component "復" (which suggests repetition or return). Together, they convey the idea of something being "covered" or "reverted." This combination well reflects the dual meaning of the word: to physically conceal or to transform an existing situation. Sources like Kanjipedia highlight that its use dates back to classical Japanese, remaining relevant to this day.

It is worth noting that the reading くつがえす is kun'yomi (Japanese reading), which indicates a term rooted in the local culture, unlike words with on'yomi readings, which are generally linked to Chinese influences. This explains its presence in proverbs and everyday expressions, although it is not as common as more basic verbs like 変える or 戻す.

Tips for memorizing and using correctly

To fix 覆す, associate its meaning with the physical act of turning something with your hands. Imagine a table being flipped during an intense discussion — this image helps to recall both the concrete and metaphorical sense. Another strategy is to create flashcards with sentences like 定説を覆す (to overturn an established theory), common in academic articles.

Avoid confusing it with 逆らう (to oppose), which implies resistance without necessarily leading to a change. While 覆す suggests an active transformation, 逆らう has a more passive connotation. Noticing these details prevents misunderstandings in conversations or formal texts.

Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with related words:

Verb conjugation of 覆す

覆す - Verb II direct transitive - causative
覆さない - negative form
覆せる - potential form
覆そう - Volitive form
覆します - Polite, present manner
覆された - Passive form, past
覆している - Progressive form
覆せば conditional form

Synonyms and similar words

覆る (oheru) - Turn upside down; be inverted.
倒す (taosu) - To overthrow; to prostrate; to depose (a government). Generally implies active action.
転覆する (tenpuku suru) - Capotar; to overturn; refers to disasters or uncontrollable situations.
覆り返す (oikaesu) - Turn to the other side; revert a situation; suggests a movement of return.
覆いかぶさる (oi kabusaru) - To be covered or overlapped; it suggests a covering that applies to or covers something.