Translation and Meaning of: 及ぶ - oyobu

If you are studying Japanese or are curious about the language, you may have come across the word 及ぶ (およぶ, oyobu). It appears in formal and literary contexts, but can also arise in everyday conversations. In this article, we will explore its meaning, origin, and practical uses, as well as tips for memorizing it. If you want to see real sentence examples, check out Suki Nihongo, the best online Japanese dictionary for students.

Meaning and translation of 及ぶ

The word 及ぶ (およぶ) carries the meaning of "to reach," "to attain," or "to come to a certain point." Unlike more common verbs like 届く (todoku, "to arrive physically"), it is used for abstract or large-scale situations. For instance, it can describe consequences that extend to a group or an impact that goes beyond what was expected.

In translations to Portuguese, 及ぶ often appears as "to extend to" or "to reach." An interesting detail is that it is rarely used alone in short sentences. Generally, it is accompanied by particles like に (ni) or まで (made) to indicate a limit or direction.

Origin and writing of the kanji 及

The kanji 及 is composed of 3 strokes and belongs to the group of the oldest characters in the Japanese language. According to the dictionary 漢字源 (Kanjigen), its original form represented a hand reaching for something ahead – hence the connection with its current meanings. Interestingly, it is also used in words like 及第 (きゅうだい, kyūdai), which means "passing an exam."

In modern writing, 及ぶ is considered an N2 level verb in the JLPT, which indicates a more frequent use in formal or journalistic texts. Although it is not one of the most common in everyday situations, it regularly appears in reports about natural disasters or large-scale political decisions.

How to use 及ぶ in real contexts.

A common mistake among students is trying to replace 及ぶ with verbs like 達する (tassuru) without considering the nuance. While the latter implies "to reach a goal," 及ぶ emphasizes the process of extension. For example: 被害は隣の県に及んだ (Higai wa tonari no ken ni oyonda) – "The damages extended to the neighboring prefecture."

To memorize, it's worth associating the kanji 及 with the idea of "reaching something distant." A practical tip is to create flashcards with fixed expressions like 手の及ぶ範囲 (te no oyobu han'i, "reach of the hands"). Listening to news podcasts in Japanese also helps, as reporters often use the term to describe crises or large-scale phenomena.

Vocabulary

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Verb conjugation of 及ぶ

  • 及ぶ - dictionary form
  • 及ばない - negative form
  • 及びます - polite form
  • 及んで - Form Te
  • 及びません - Polite negative form

Synonyms and similar words

  • 達する (Tassuru) - Achieve
  • 及び得る (Ohibiuru) - To be able to reach
  • 届く (Todoku) - Arrive (at a destination)
  • 及ぶる (Ohiburu) - To extend, to reach
  • 及ぶらむ (Ohiburamu) - Possibly extend
  • 及ぶれる (Ohibureru) - Being able to extend oneself
  • 達す (Tassu) - Reach (abbreviated form)
  • 達る (Taru) - Be reached
  • 届ける (Tokeru) - Deliver
  • 届け出る (Tokeideru) - Make a notice or delivery
  • 届出る (Todokeru) - Make a statement or delivery
  • 届くる (Tokuru) - Come and arrive

Related words

述べる

noberu

declare; express; mention

長々

naganaga

for a long time; a long time; a long time

及ぶ

Romaji: oyobu
Kana: およぶ
Type: verb
L: jlpt-n1

Translation / Meaning: reach; arrive at; sum; happen with; extend; correspond; equal

Meaning in English: to reach;to come up to;to amount to;to befall;to happen to;to extend;to match;to equal

Definition: Reach a certain reach/area.

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How to Write in Japanese - (及ぶ) oyobu

See below a step-by-step guide on how to write the word by hand in Japanese. (及ぶ) oyobu:

Example Sentences - (及ぶ) oyobu

See below some example sentences:

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Other Words of this Type: verb

See other words from our dictionary that are also: verb

凝る

kogoru

to freeze; Freeze

縮む

chidimu

shrink; be contracted

襲う

osou

attack

傾ける

katamukeru

inclinate; to lean; to bend; support yourself; tip; inclination; inclination; focus on; ruin (a country); to waste; drain out

堪える

koraeru

to support; to hold on; resist; tolerate; to sustain; face; be suitable for; be equal to

to reach