Translation and Meaning of: 破産 - hasan

The Japanese word 破産 (はさん, hasan) is a term that carries a significant weight both in everyday vocabulary and in the legal and economic context. If you are studying Japanese or have an interest in Japanese culture, understanding the meaning and use of this expression can be essential. In this article, we will explore everything from its origin and writing to how it is perceived socially in Japan.

In addition to uncovering what 破産 really means, let's analyze its use in different situations, from informal conversations to more formal contexts. If you've ever wondered how the Japanese perceive this concept or how to memorize this word efficiently, keep reading to find out.

The meaning and origin of 破産

The word 破産 (はさん) is composed of two kanji: 破 (は), which means "to break" or "to destroy," and 産 (さん), which refers to "property" or "assets." Together, they form the term that we translate as "bankruptcy" or "financial failure." In a legal context, 破産 describes the situation in which a person or company cannot pay their debts, leading to a legal process of asset liquidation.

The use of this word dates back to the Edo period (1603-1868), when Japan began to structure its economic and legal system in a more organized manner. At that time, merchants who did not honor their financial commitments faced severe consequences, and the term 破産 was already used to describe this scenario. Over time, the word became established in modern vocabulary, especially after the adoption of bankruptcy laws in the 20th century.

Cultural use and perception in Japan

In Japan, bankruptcy is a sensitive topic due to the importance placed on honor and financial responsibility. Although 破産 is a common legal process in many countries, in the Japanese context, it still carries considerable social stigma. Many people associate bankruptcy with personal failure, which can hinder reintegration into the job market or even affect family relationships.

However, in recent decades, there has been a gradual change in perception. With the rise of startups and entrepreneurs, financial failure has begun to be seen, in some circles, as a step in the learning process. Still, the word 破産 continues to be used with caution in everyday conversations, often replaced by euphemisms like "financial restructuring" in more sensitive contexts.

How to memorize and use 破産 correctly

An effective way to memorize 破産 is to associate the kanjis that compose it with their literal meanings. Remember that 破 (は) represents something broken, while 産 (さん) refers to assets or properties. Together, they form the idea of "break of assets," which perfectly reflects the concept of bankruptcy. This technique of breaking down kanjis is useful for students who want to retain vocabulary more permanently.

Regarding practical use, 破産 often appears in economic news and legal documents. In informal conversations, it's more common to hear phrases like "会社が破産した" (the company went bankrupt) or "破産寸前だ" (is on the verge of bankruptcy). Avoid using it lightly or jokingly, as the topic is serious for most Japanese people. If you need to discuss the matter, prefer a neutral and respectful tone.

Vocabulary

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Synonyms and similar words

• 倒産 (Tōsan) - Bankruptcy
• 倒産する (Tōsan suru) - Declare bankruptcy
• 経営破綻 (Keiei hatan) - Management collapse
• 経営破綻する (Keiei hatan suru) - Collapse management
• 経済破綻 (Keizai hatan) - Colapso econômico
• 経済破綻する (Keizai hatan suru) - Collapse economically
• 経営不振 (Keiei fushin) - Weak management performance
• 経営不振に陥る (Keiei fushin ni ochiiru) - Enter a weak performance in management
• 経済不振 (Keizai fushin) - Weak economic performance
• 経済不振に陥る (Keizai fushin ni ochiiru) - Enter a weak economic performance
• 経営危機 (Keiei kiki) - Management crisis
• 経営危機に陥る (Keiei kiki ni ochiiru) - Entering a management crisis
• 経済危機 (Keizai kiki) - Crise econômica
• 経済危機に陥る (Keizai kiki ni ochiiru) - Enter an economic crisis

破産

Romaji: hasan
Kana: はさん
Type: noun
L: jlpt-n3

Translation / Meaning: bankruptcy (personal)

Meaning in English: (personal) bankruptcy

Definition: Bankruptcy refers to a company or individual who loses the ability to pay and fails to meet their obligations.