Translation and Meaning of: 迫害 - hakugai

The Japanese word 迫害 [はくがい] carries a profound and often delicate meaning. If you are studying Japanese or are curious about terms that reflect social and historical aspects, understanding this expression can be essential. In this article, we will explore its meaning, origin, everyday use, and how it is perceived within Japanese culture. Furthermore, we will provide tips on how to memorize it correctly and avoid common confusions.

Meaning and translation of 迫害 [はくがい]

Persecution [はくがい] is translated into Portuguese as "perseguição" or "opressão". The term describes systematic actions of hostility against an individual or group, whether for religious, political, ethnic, or social reasons. Unlike words like いじめ (bullying), which have a more personal scope, 迫害 implies a larger scale, often institutionalized.

In Japan, this word is often associated with historical contexts, such as the persecution of minorities or dissidents. Its use in everyday conversations is rare, appearing more in political discussions, news reports, or debates about human rights. Therefore, it is important to understand its semantic weight to avoid applying it in inappropriate situations.

Origin and composition of kanjis

The word 迫害 is composed of two kanji: 迫 (haku), which means "pressure" or "to force," and 害 (gai), which translates as "harm" or "damage." Together, they form the idea of "causing harm through coercion." This construction reflects the meaning of the word well, as persecution involves constant pressure and harm to those who are targeted.

It's worth noting that the kanji 害 also appears in other words related to damage, such as 災害 (natural disaster) or 害虫 (harmful insect). This connection can aid in memorization, as it reinforces the idea of something harmful. However, unlike these examples, 迫害 has an intentional and human character, not being used for natural or accidental phenomena.

Cultural use and social context

In Japan, 迫害 is a word loaded with historical significance. It appears in discussions about events such as the discrimination against the burakumin (a marginalized social group) or the repression of minority religions. Its use in media, such as films or documentaries, is often linked to denouncements of social injustice.

Although it is not a commonly used term, it is important to recognize it in formal or academic contexts. Japanese students may encounter it in texts about politics or sociology, for example. One tip to remember its meaning is to associate it with human rights themes, as this connection frequently appears in educational materials and news.

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Vocabulary

Expand your vocabulary with related words:

Synonyms and similar words

• 追い詰める (Oitsumeru) - To drive someone to a state of despair or extreme pressure.
• 圧迫する (Appaku suru) - To pressure or oppress someone, causing discomfort or pain.
• 悩ます (Nayamasu) - To provoke worries or emotional distress in someone.
• 嫌がらせする (Iyagarase suru) - To do something to annoy or harass someone intentionally.
• 虐待する (Gyaku tai suru) - Inflict physical or psychological suffering on someone, usually in a systematic way.

迫害

Romaji: hakugai
Kana: はくがい
Type: noun
L: jlpt-n1

Translation / Meaning: persecution

Meaning in English: persecution

Definition: Actions that cause violence, fear, or disadvantage to a specific group or individual.

Example Sentences - (迫害) hakugai

See below some example sentences:

迫害は許されない。

Sokogai wa yurusarenai

Persecution is not allowed.

No persecution is allowed.

• 迫害 - persecution
• は - Topic particle
• 許されない - not allowed, not tolerated